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conceptual art

(Encyclopedia) conceptual art, art movement that began in the 1960s and stresses the artist's concept rather than the art object itself. Growing out of minimalism, conceptual art turned the artist's…

Al-Biruni, Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad

(Encyclopedia) Al-Biruni or Al Beruni, Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn AhmadAl-Biruni or Al Beruni, Abu Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmadäb&oomacr;ˈ rīhänˈ məhămˈĭd ĭbˈən äˈməd ăl-bēr&oomacr;ˈnē, ăl bĕr&…

Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad

(Encyclopedia) Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad Abdullah, Sheikh Muhammad shākh m&oomacr;hämˈmäd äbd&oobreve;l-läˈ [key], 1905–82, nationalist leader in Kashmir, known…

conceptualism

(Encyclopedia) conceptualism, in philosophy, position taken on the problem of universals, initially by Peter Abelard in the 12th cent. Like nominalism it denied that universals exist independently of…

concert

(Encyclopedia) concert, in music, public performance of a group of musical compositions. Originally the word referred simply to a group of musicians playing together; concerts by a solo performer are…

concertina

(Encyclopedia) concertinaconcertinakŏnsûrtēˈnə [key], musical instrument whose tone is produced by free reeds. It was invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1829. It is a chromatic instrument similar…

concerto

(Encyclopedia) concertoconcertokənchârˈtō [key], musical composition usually for an orchestra and a soloist or a group of soloists. In the 16th cent. concertare and concertato implied an ensemble,…

Concert of Europe

(Encyclopedia) Concert of Europe, term used in the 19th cent. to designate a loose agreement by the major European powers to act together on European questions of common interest. The concert emerged…

conch

(Encyclopedia) conchconchkŏngk, kŏnch, kôngk [key], common name for certain marine gastropod mollusks having a heavy, spiral shell, the whorls of which overlap each other. In conchs the…